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Chladni figures

Geometry Intuitive exploration
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Parametric equations

The nodal lines are where the amplitude on the square is zero, for the mode the controls select:

  • L is the side of the square, and it stays fixed.
  • m and n are the positive integers chosen with Mode m and Mode n.
  • The points come to rest where this amplitude is zero.

Interaction

  • Mode m: choose that integer. The nodal lines change, and the points scatter, then gather on the new zeros.
  • Mode n: choose the other integer. Together, m and n set the nodal pattern in both directions; neither belongs to one side alone.
  • Vibration speed ω: speed up or slow down the oscillation that pushes the points. It does not move the places where the mode’s amplitude is zero.

What to notice

  • The points rest where the selected mode’s amplitude is zero and are pushed away from the antinodes.
  • Swapping with flips the sign of the amplitude and leaves the nodal lines in place.
  • The picture is the nodal set of this idealized square mode with fixed edges (a real free-edge plate has more complicated modes), and if the amplitude is zero everywhere, so there is no nodal curve.

Further reading

Comments

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